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Website design information and tips and tricks

basic tags

<html>...</html>	Creates the html document
<head>...</head>	Contains the head information, such as the title and meta tags which are not visible to the user
<title>...</title>	Contains the title of the document which appears at the top of the browser window
<body>...</body>	Contains the viewed portion of the document

body

<body>...</body>	Contains the viewed portion of the document
<body bgcolor="?">	Sets the color of the background in hexadecimal code
<body background="filename.xxx">	Sets an image as a page's background (wallpaper)
<body text="color">	Specifies the color of normal text in hexadecimal code
<body link="color">	Specifies the default color of unvisited links in hexadecimal code
<body alink="color">	Specifies the color of links on click in hexadecimal code
<body vlink="color">	Specifies the color of followed links in hexadecimal code

n.b: It'd best to keep the attributes for bgcolor etc in a style sheet, unless you know that many of your visitors don't have a css compliant browser

formatting

<p>...</p>	Creates a new paragraph
<p align=?>	Aligns a paragraph to the left, right, or center
<br>	Inserts a line break
<blockquote>... </blockquote>	Indents text from both sides

lists

<dl>...</dl>	Creates a definition list
<dt>	Precedes each definition term
<dd>	Precedes each definition
<ol>...</ol>	Creates a numbered list
<li>...</li>	Precedes each list item, and adds a number
<ul>...</ul>	Creates a bulleted list
<div align=?>	A generic tag used to format large blocks of HTML, also used for stylesheets

text

<pre>...</pre>	Creates preformatted text
<hl>...</hl> to <h6>...</h6>	Creates headings
<b>...</b>	Creates bold text
<i>...</i>	Creates italic text
<tt>...</tt>	Creates teletype, or typewriter-style text
<cite>...</cite>	Creates a citation, usually italic
<em>...</em>	Emphasizes a word (with italic or bold)
<strong>...</strong>	Emphasizes a word (with italic or bold)
<sub>...</sub>	Subscript - text is lower than baseline
<sup>...</sup>	Superscript - text is higher than basline

font

<font>...</font>	Changes font attributes for text within the tags
<font size="value">...</font>	Sets the font to a size from 1 to 7, with 1 the smallest and 7 the largest
<font face="name">...</font>	Sets the font face
<font color="color">...</font>	Sets the font color using hexadecimal code

n.b: It'd best to not use the <font> tag and to determine these attributes in a style sheet

images

<img>	Embeds an image in the document at the location of the tag
<img src="url" alt="text">	Adds an image with a text description
<img src="url" alt="text" align="direction">	Aligns an image to the left, right, center, bottom, or top
<img src="url" alt="text" border="number">	Sets the size of the border around an image
<img src="url" alt="text" height="pixels">	Sets the height of an image
<img src="url" alt="text" width="pixels">	Sets the width of an image
<img src="url" alt="text" hspace="pixels">	Sets a horizontal margin to be placed around an image
<img src="url" alt="text" vspace="pixels">	Sets a vertical margin to be placed around an image
<img src="url" alt="text" usemap="map-name">	Designates an image as a client-side image map

links

<a>...</a>	Designates the origin and destination of a hyperlink
<a href="url">...</a>	Creates a hyperlink
<a href="#name">...</a>	Links to a target location in the current page
<a href="URL#name">...</a>	Links to a target location in a page outside the current page
<a name="name">...</a>	Sets a target location within a document
<a href="mailto:email@something.com">...</a>	Creates a mailto link

tables

<table>...</table>	Generates a table
<table border="pixels">	Sets the size of cell borders
<table cellspacing="pixels">	Sets the amount of space between cells
<table cellpadding="pixels">	Sets the amount of space between a border and cell content
<table height="pixels" or "%">	Sets the height of a table
<table width="pixels" or "%">	Sets the width of a table
<td>...</td>	Defines a table data cell
<td colspan="columns">	Sets a cell to span columns
<td rowspan="rows">	Sets a cell to span rows
<td nowrap>	Prevents the lines within a cell from wrapping
<th>...</th>	Defines a table header with bold, centered table data
<tr>...</tr>	Defines a table row
<tr align="?"> or <td align="?">	Aligns the contents of a row or cell to the left, right, or center
<tr valign="?"> or <td valign="?">	Sets the vertical alignment of a row or cell to the top, middle, or bottom

frames

<frameset>...</frameset>	Specifies the layout of subsections in the main browser window
<frameset rows="value,value">	Defines the rows within a frameset
<frameset cols="value,value">	Defines the columns within a frameset
<noframes>...</noframes>	Provides alternate content for browsers that do not support frames
<frame src="?">	Defines the appearance and content of a single frame
<frame name="name">	Labels the frame for targeting by other frames
<frame marginwidth="#">	Sets the margin width of a frame
<frame marginheight="#">	Sets the margin height of a frame
<frame scrolling="value">	Creates a frame scrollbar
<frame noresize>	Prevents the resizing of a frame

n.b: It'd best to not use frames for usability reasons and so that search engines can spider the site effectively

horizontal rules

<hr>	Inserts a horizontal rule
<hr size=?>	Sets size (height) of rule
<hr width=?>	Sets width of rule, in percentage or absolute value
<hr noshade>	Creates a rule without a shadow

forms

<form>...</form>	Generates a container for all form elements
<form action="url">	Designates the path of the script to process input from the form
<form method="get\|post">	Instructs the browser how to interact with the form URL
<form accept="media type">	Defines which MIME types are supported by the server processing the form
<form accept-charset="text">	Defines which character sets are supported by the server processing the form
<form enctype="media type">	Defines the format of the submitted data
<option>	Defines each menu item
<select name="name">...</select>	Generates a pull-down menu
<input type="checkbox">	Generates a check box
<input type="hidden">	Conceals a field from view
<input type="image">	Generates an image that acts like a Submit button
<input type="password">	Generates a one-line password box
<input type="radio">	Generates a radio button
<input type="text">	Generates a one-line text box
<input type="submit">	Generates a Submit button (send form)
<input type="reset">	Generates a Reset button (clear form)

special characters

&	&	Ampersand
™	™	Trademark
®	®	Registered trademark
©	©	Copyright
"	"	Double quote marks
	“	Left quote
	”	Right quote
&frasl;	⁄	Forward slash
<	<	Less than arrow
>	>	Greater than arrow
»	»	Right pointing double angle quotation mark
«	«	Left pointing double angle quotation mark
	—	Em-dash
£	£	Pound sign (GBP currency)
°	30°	Degree
¼	¼	Quarter
½	½	Half
¾	¾	Three quarters
·	·	Middle dot
¡	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
&spades;	♠	Black spade suit
&clubs;	♣	Black club suit
&hearts;	♥	Black hearts suit
&diams;	♦	Black diamond suit

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